DESMON TUTU: PEJUANG KEADILAN DI DUNIA MENDAPAT PENGHARGAAN TEMPLETON DI LONDON

DUNIA

Desmond Tutu Pejuang Keadilan

Desmond Tutu mendapat penghargaan Templeton di London Selasa (21/05/13). Warga Afrika Selatan yang berusia 81 tahun itu mendapat penghargaan karena "upaya menyokong kasih dan pengampunan".

Dengan upayanya, Desmond Tutu membantu gerakan pembebasan di seluruh dunia. Demikian alasan pemberian penghargaan tersebut. Tutu terkejut ketika mendengar keputusan yang diambil awal April itu.

DW.DE

Keraguan Atas Hadiah Nobel Untuk Uni Eropa

Ketua Komite Nobel Thorbjorn Jagland hari Senin (11/12) menyambut Uni Eropa sebagai benua peperangan yang telah menjadi benua perdamaian. Namun kritik tetap terdengar. (10.12.2012)

Pengaruh Desmond Tutu pada Budaya dan Bahasa Afrika Selatan

Ia memberikan reaksi demikian: "Jika kamu lebih tinggi daripada orang lain, itu biasanya karena orang-orang lain menggendongmu di bahunya."

Uskup, perantara perdamaian dan pejuang keadilan sosial Desmond Tutu sudah memegang berbagai peran dalam hidupnya. Awal tahun 80-an ia terkenal karena melawan rezim Apartheid di Afrika Selatan. Tutu sering mengecam ketidakadilan, tanpa membangkitkan kebencian. Misalnya Februari 1991. Setelah tekanan puluhan tahun atas penduduk berkulit hitam, Presiden de Klerk membebaskan sejumlah tahanan politik, seperti Nelson Mandela, dan mengijinkan berdirinya partai dan organisasi.

Tapi perundingan untuk reformasi demokrasi mandek. Ketika politisi dan pejuang kebebasan Chris Hani dibunuh seorang warga radikal kanan, perang saudara hampir terjadi. Tutu menyerukan "Kita akan bebas! Kita semua - kulit hitam dan putih bersama-sama!" Itu diserukan Desmond Tutu saat pemakaman Chris Hani di depan lebih dari 100.000 orang. Di saat-saat sulit seperti ini, Tutu menunjukkan kekuatannya.

Dari Guru Menjadi Uskup Pertama Berkulit Hitam di Afrika Selatan

Demond Tutu lahir 1931 di Klerksdorp. Dulu ia menjadi guru. Ketika pemerintah memutuskan, murid berkulit putih harus mendapat pendidikan lebih baik daripada yang berkulit putih, Tutu berhenti jadi guru, dan beralih ke dunia teologi. Ia kemudian menjadi uskup gereja Anglikan pertama di Johannesburg yang berkulit hitam, kemudian jadi uskup Cape Town.

Di dunia politik ia selalu memerangi pemisahan berdasarkan ras. Secara terbuka ia bersimpati dengan tujuan yang ingin dicapai partai Nelson Mandela, Kongres Nasional Afrika (ANC).

Desmond Tutu bersama anggota kelompok musik Cape Town Opera Voice of the Nation Ensemble, dalam acara perayaan setelah ada keputusan ia mendapat penghargaan Templeton, di Katedral St. George di Cape Town (11/04/13)

Perdamaian, Bukan Balas Dendam

Juga setelah Apartheid dihapuskan, Tutu tidak menarik diri dari kancah politik. Presiden Nelson Mandela memintanya untuk memimpin komisi kebenaran dan perdamaian, yang bertugas meneliti kejahatan di masa Apartheid. Tutu dan komisi itu ingin menemukan jalan tengah antara keadilan dan amnesti, serta menuntut perdamaian dan pemberian maaf.

Setelah itu Tutu masih memerangi ketidakadilan di dunia, tanpa mengindahkan penguasa. Ia menuduh Tony Blair dan George W. Bush menggunakan kebohongan untuk memulai perang. Menurutnya, kedua politisi itu harus dihadapkan ke Pengadilan Pidana di Den Haag. Ia kerap menunjuk pada persamaan antara Apartheid di Afrika Selatan dan diskriminasi warga Palestina oleh Israel. Ia juga mengutuk pendudukan wilayah Palestina.

Suara Kuat Menentang Ketidakadilan

Tutu masih tetap menjadi pengamat kritis partai pemerintah, mengamati hubungan dengan rejim otoriter di Zimbabwe, pemberantasan AIDS yang berjalan terseok-seok dan elit politik yang dibayar terlalu tinggi. Memilih ANC, menurut Tutu, bukan sesuatu yang otomatis lagi. Orang mengajukan pertanyaan, dan itu bagus.

Untuk jasanya dalam perjuangan terhadap Apartheid tanpa kekerasan, Desmond Tutu mendapat Hadiah Nobel tahun 1984. Ia juga pernah mendapat penghargaan Martin Luther King, penghargaan perdamaian Gandhi, dan penghargaan lainnya. Penghargaan Templeton diberikan bagi mereka yang dengan cara istimewa memperkuat pentingnya spiritualitas dalam hidup manusia. Penghargaan ini tidak diberikan berdasarkan agama seseorang.

Bernada SARA, Komnas HAM kecam pernyataan Dipo Alam

24/05/2013

Komnas HAM berencana memanggil Menteri Sekretaris Kabinet Dipo Alam terkait ucapannya yang berbau SARA terhadap Romo Franz Magnis Suseno SJ.
Ketua Subkomisi Pemantauan dan Penyelidikan Pelanggaran HAM, Komnas HAM, Natalius Pigai menyatakan pihaknya mengecam keras kritikan Dipo yang mengobarkan sentimen Islam dan non-Islam yang ditulis melalui akun Twitter.
“Kami akan memanggil Dipo Alam minggu depan untuk mengkarifikasi atas pernyataannya,” katanya dalam keterangan persnya, Kamis (23/5), seperti dilansir metrotvnews.com.
Pigai merujuk pernyataan Dipo Alam di Twitter yang menyebutkan “Masalah khilafiyah antarumat Islam di Indonesia begitu banyak, jangan dibesarkan oleh yang non-Muslim seolah simpati minoritas diabaikan,” kicau Dipo. “Umaro, ulama dan umat Islam di Indonesia secara umum sudah baik, mari liat ke depan, tidak baik pimpinannya dicerca oleh yang non-Muslim FMS.”
Ia menyebutkan, apabila pernyataan tersebut benar adanya maka pihaknya akan menyelidiki Dipo Alam dengan UU No.40/2008 tentang Pengawasan Diskriminasi Ras dan Etnik dengan ancaman hukuman 5 tahun penjara. “UU tersebut merupakan kewenangan Komnas HAM,” tegasnya.
Menurut Pigai, sejak awal dirinya telah menyampaikan kritikan atas pemberian penghargaan kepada SBY dari lembaga Amerika Serikat The Appeal of Conscience Foundation karena tidak sesuai dengan fakta.
Di bawah kepemimpinan SBY, pemerintah dianggap abai terhadap kekerasan terhadap kaum minoritas di Indonesia.
“Intoleransi agama di Indonesia tumbuh subur bahkan terkesan dibiarkan oleh penguasa,” ujarnya.

KONGRES AS AKAN BAHAS PRAKTEK HAM DI INDONESIA TERUTAMA DI PAPUA

James P. McGovern, anggota Kongres AS

Militer dan polisi Indonesia masih mempertahankan cara-cara impunitas di beberapa provinsi, terutama di Papua.

Kongres AS, terkait perkembangan demokrasi di Indonesia, merasa perlu membahas situasi HAM di Indonesia belakangan ini. Anggota Kongres akan menyelenggarakan sidang dengar pendapat (hearing) publik, untuk meninjau situasi hak asasi manusia di Indonesia dan kebijakan luar negeri AS berkaitan dengan pemilihan presiden dan parlemen di Indonesia pada tahun 2014. Hearing ini, sebagaimana rilis Komisi HAM Kongres AS akan diselenggarakan pada Hari Kamis, 23 Mei 2013 di Washington.

James P. McGovern, anggota Kongres AS, dalam rilis Komisi HAM Kongres AS tersebut mengatakan sistem politik Indonesia telah mengalami perubahan yang sangat besar, termasuk desentralisasi signifikan kekuasaan kepada pemerintah daerah dan berkurangnya peran militer dalam urusan dalam negeri dan keamanan dalam negeri. Dalam konteks ini, perlindungan hak asasi manusia umumnya telah meningkat, termasuk di daerah dengan sejarah gerakan separatis seperti Aceh. Organisasi non-pemerintah juga telah berkembang, dan banyak orang Indonesia sekarang melihat demokrasi sebagai bagian dari identitas nasional mereka. Meskipun demikian, situasi hak asasi manusia di Indonesia membutuhkan lebih banyak kemajuan.

“Militer dan polisi Indonesia masih mempertahankan cara-cara impunitas di beberapa provinsi, terutama di Papua. Laporan tentang praktek HAM di Indonesia selama tahun 2012 menunjukkan adanya kasus pembunuhan di luar hukum, penangkapan sewenang-wenang dan penahanan, penyiksaan antara Juli 2011 dan Juni 2012 dan pembatasan kebebasan berekspresi, masih terjadi di Papua.” kata anggota Kongres AS ini.

John Sifton (Direktur Advokasi Asia, Human Rights Watch), T. Kumar (Direktur Advokasi Internasional, Amnesty International USA) Sri Suparyati (Wakil Koordinator KontraS) dan Octovianus Mote (Universitas Yale Law School Fellow) akan memberikan kesaksian dalam hearing ini.
Hearing yang terbuka untuk umum ini, juga akan membahas isu intoleransi agama yang terwujud dalam intimidasi dan kekerasan terhadap beberapa kelompok agama, seperti Komunitas Ahmadiyah dan masyarakat Kristen di Jawa Barat.

Laporan AS

GENEWA NEWS: Pillay, Concerned about Persistent Violence an Abuses in Papua (Indonesia) since March and May 1, 2013

Pillay concerned about persistent violence and abuses in Papua (Indonesia)

GENEVA (2 May 2013) – The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Navi Pillay on Thursday expressed serious concerns over the crackdown on mass demonstrations across Papua since 30 April, with police reportedly using excessive force and arresting people for raising pro-independence flags.
“These latest incidents are unfortunate examples of the ongoing suppression of freedom of expression and excessive use of force in Papua,” Pillay said. “I urge the Government of Indonesia to allow peaceful protest and hold accountable those involved in abuses.”
Reports indicate that on 30 April police shot and killed two protesters in the city of Sorong who were preparing to mark the 50th anniversary of Papua becoming a part of Indonesia. At least 20 protesters were arrested in the cities of Biak and Timika on 1 May.
“After my official visit to Indonesia last November, I am disappointed to see violence and abuses continuing in Papua,” Pillay said. She added that there was a need for coherent policies and actions to address the underlying concerns and grievances of the local population in Papua.
Since May 2012, we have received 26 reports concerning alleged human rights violations, including 45 killings and cases of torture involving 27 people. While many incidents relate to communal violence, serious allegations of human rights abuses by law enforcement officials persist.
“International human rights law requires the Government of Indonesia to conduct thorough, prompt and impartial investigations into the incidents of killings and torture and bring the perpetrators to justice,” said the High Commissioner.
“There has not been sufficient transparency in addressing serious human rights violations in Papua,” she said. “I urge Indonesia to allow international journalists into Papua and to facilitate visits by the Special Rapporteurs of the UN Human Rights Council.”
As of March 2013, at least 20 political prisoners remain in detention in Papua, including prominent activist Filep Karma. In May 2005, he was sentenced to 15 years in prison for treason after leading a ceremony to raise the West Papuan Flag. In 2011, the UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention concluded that Mr. Karma’s detention was arbitrary and requested that the Government take all necessary steps to release and compensate him in accordance with the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights to which Indonesia is party. So far, the Government has not complied with the request.
“During my mission to Indonesia last November, I expressed concern over Papuan activists being imprisoned for the peaceful exercise of freedom of expression,” Pillay said, reiterating that dissent is not a crime. “It is disappointing to see more people arrested for peacefully expressing their views and I call upon the Government to release all prisoners in custody for crimes that relate to their freedom of expression.”
The National Human Rights Commission, Komnas Ham, and the National Commission on Violence against Women, Komnas Perempuan, have consistently raised concerns regarding violence and freedom of expression in Papua and made concrete recommendations to the Government of Indonesia.
“I encourage the Government to implement the recommendations made by Komnas Ham and Komnas Perempuan,” the High Commissioner said, emphasizing the vital role these national institutions play in the protection of human rights in Indonesia. Pillay encouraged the Government to continue supporting them as independent bodies and to strengthen their financial support.
ENDS

PAPUA MENGGUGAT ANEKSASI (Oleh Selpius Bobii: Ketua Umum Pusat Front Pepera Papua Barat)

Papua Menggugat Aneksasi

"PERNYATAAN Ketua Umum Front PEPERA PB Menyelang 50 Tahun Aneksasi Tanah Air, Bangsa dan Negara Papua ke dalam NKRI, 01 Mei 1963 - 01 Mei 2013"

Sejarah mencatat bahwa pada tanggal 01 Mei 1963 adalah penyerahan kekuasaan adminitrasi pemerintahan Papua secara sepihak dari pangkuan UNTEA ke pangkuan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI).

Tanggal 01 Mei dipandang oleh Republik Indonesia (RI) sebagai hari integrasi Papua ke dalam NKRI. Atau sering juga para pejabat Indonesia, TNI dan Polri mengatakan bahwa 01 Mei 1963 adalah hari di mana Papua kembali ke pangkuan ibu pertiwi Indonesia.

Sejak kapan Papua menjadi bagian teritorial dari RI? Dan sejak kapan Papua keluar dari pangkuan NKRI, maka dikatakan bahwa pada tanggal 01 Mei 1963 Papua kembali ke pangkuan NKRI? Sejarah mencatat bahwa Papua belum pernah berada dalam pangkuan NKRI. Berikut ini ada beberapa fakta sejarah, antara lain:

pertama, Dalam suatu pertemuan untuk Persiapan Kemerdekaan Republik Indonesia Serikat (RIS), Mohammad Hatta menolak Papua masuk dalam teritorial RIS. Menurut Moh Hatta mengatakan bahwa tanah Papua sangat sulit dibangun karena dihuni oleh suku-suku primitif.

Kedua, pada tanggal 27 Desember 1949 dalam Komprensi Meja Bundar (KMB) di Den Haag Belanda, Papua tidak termasuk dalam wilayah kedaulatan Republik Indonesia Serikat (RIS). Dalam KMB itu Belanda hanya mengakui kedaulatan Republik Indonesia Serikat (RIS) dari Sabang sampai Amboina - Maluku. Tentang ini tertuang dalam naskah piagam penyerahan kedaulatan RIS dalam pasal dua yang disepakati dan ditanda-tangani oleh Belanda dan Indonesia. (Lihat di buku: "Tindakan Pilihan Bebas", P. J. Drooglever, halaman 178).

Ketiga, Karena pemisahan Indonesia dari kolonisasi Nederlands Indiche, maka konstitusi Belanda ditinjau kembali. Dalam Sidang Parlemen Belanda yang digelar di musim panas tahun 1951, mayoritas Parlemen Belanda menyetujui mengubah konstitusi Belanda. Dalam perubahan konstitusi itu, Papua ditingkatkan status kolonisasi Nederlands Niew Guinea (Papua Belanda). Jadi secara hukum dan politik Papua bukan lagi kolonisasi Nederlands Indiche, tetapi sejak tahun 1951 ditingkatkan status kolonisasi Nederlands Niew Guinea. (Lihihat, "Tindakan Pilihan Bebas", P. J. Drooglever, halaman 226-227).

Keempat, Belanda mulai mempersiapkan Papua untuk berdaulat penuh. Dalam rangka itu, persiapan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) bagi orang Papua menjadi prioritas utama, khususnya dalam bidang pendidikan dan pengkaderan, dan diikuti dengan pengembangan dan pemberdayaan dalam bidang ekonomi kerakyatan, kesehatan, dan lain-lain. (Lihat, Drooglever, halaman 323 - 387).

Kelima, Rakyat Papua membentuk beberapa partai Nasional Papua (Lihat, buku Drooglever halaman 549-562), dan menggelar pemilu untuk memilih wakil Dewan Kota dan Daerah, kemudian memilih Dewan Papua secara langsung oleh seluruh rakyat Papua. Dewan Papua (Niew Guinea Raad) dilantik pada tanggal 5 April 1961. (Lihat buku Drooglever, halaman 536-548; dan 563-569).

Keenam, para tokoh intelektual Papua mewakili seluruh Papua membentuk Komite Nasional Papua (KNP), dan KNP menggelar Kongres Papua Pertama pada tanggal 19 Oktober 1961 di Hollandia, kini Jayapura. Dalam kongres itu KNP menyatakan Manifesto Politik Bangsa Papua yang mana menetapkan Papua menjadi Bangsa Papua, Bendera: Bintang Fajar, Lambang: Burung Mabruk dan Lagu kebangsaan Papua: Hai Tanah ku Papua, serta Motto: Satu Rakyat Sejiwa (One People One Soul). (Lihat buku karya Drooglever, halaman 570-572).

Ketujuh, Manifesto Politik itu selanjutnya KNP secara resmi menyerahkan kepada Dewan Papua (Niew Guinea Raad) dalam Sidang Dewan Papua yang digelar pada tanggal 30 Oktober 1961. Dan Manifesto itu dibahas dan ditetapkan dalam keputusan Niew Guinea Raad (Dewan Papua). (Lihat buku karya Drooglever, halaman 572-573).

Kedelapan, Manifesto Politik Bangsa Papua, khususnya Lambang dan Bendera serta Lagu Kebangsaan Papua itu, atas perintah Ratu Yuliana, ditetapkan dalam ordonansi-ordonansi (peraturan-peraturan ketetapan) oleh wakil Belanda di Papua yakni Gubernur, Platteel pada tanggal 18 November 1961 setelah Rapat Luar Biasa Dewan Papua, (Lihat buku karya Drooglever, halaman 575).

Kesembilan, Puncaknya pada tanggal 01 Desember 1961 Merayakan Hari Kemerdekaan Bangsa Papua, disertai dengan mengibarkan bendera Bintang Fajar diiringi lagu kebangsaan, Hai Tanah ku Papua dan juga menaikan Bendera Belanda diiringgi lagu kebangsaan Belanda, Hyronimus di Hollandia (kini Jayapura), dan di semua ibu kota onderafdeling (kota dan daerah) di Nederlands Nieuw Guinea (Papua Belanda) pun merayakannya dalam bentuk upacara. Di mana-mana di tanah Papua hal itu terjadi di dalam suasana khidmat dan tenang dihadiri oleh penguasa-penguasa setempat. Perayaan ini disambut secara meriah oleh rakyat di seluruh pelosok tanah Papua sebagai hari kemerdekaan bangsa Papua, (Lihat Drooglever, halaman 575).

Inilah beberapa fakta sejarah bangsa Papua. Dengan demikian Papua tidak pernah menjadi salah satu wilayah teritorial dalam bingkai NKRI sebelum tanggal 01 Mei 1963. Karena itu, pernyataan para pejabat RI bahwa pada tanggal 01 Mei 1963 Papua kembali ke Pangkuan NKRI adalah tidak benar dan itu kebohongan publik, kebohongan intelektual dan kebohongan sejarah. Penyerahan Papua oleh UNTEA kepada RI pada tanggal 01 Mei 1963 itu pun dipercayakan kepada RI hanya untuk mempersiapkan pemilihan bebas bagi orang asli Papua untuk menentukan masa depan bangsanya.

Fakta-fakta sejarah bangsa Papua membuktikan bahwa kemederdekaan kedaulatan bangsa Papua dianeksasi ke dalam NKRI. Sejak kapan bangsa Papua dianeksasi ke dalam NKRI? Papua dianeksasi ke dalam NKRI melalui beberapa tahapan, yaitu:

Pertama, Maklumat Tri Komando Rakyat (TRIKORA) oleh Soekarno, presiden RI pada tanggal 19 Desember 1961 di Alun-Alun Jakarta. Isi TRIKORA: 1) Bubarkan Negara boneka Papua buatan kolonial Belanda, 2) Kibarkan bendera merah putih di seluruh Irian Jaya (kini Papua) tanah air Indonesia, 3) Bersiaplah untuk mobilisasi umum. Menurut Forkorus Yaboisembut, S. Pd dalam maklumat TRIKORA dalam point pertama mengandung tiga hal penting, yakni: a) Presiden RI, Soekarno secara tersurat maupun tersirat, serta secara langsung maupun tidak langsung sudah mengakui Negara Papua, b) Namun negara Papua itu dihina sebagai negara boneka buatan Belanda, c) Karena itu Negara Papua yang dianggap oleh RI sebagai negara boneka itu harus dibubarkan. Maklumat TRIKORA itu adalah bukti autentik secara politik dan hukum pengakuan Negara Papua oleh mantan presiden RI, Soekarno. Isi TRIKORA itu juga merupakan bukti tertulis yang autentik adanya perintah aneksasi tanah air, serta Bangsa dan Negara Papua oleh Pemerintah RI, (lihat "Pernyataan Presiden NFRPB menjelang 50 tahun New York Agreement yang kelabu, 15 Agustus 1962 - 15 Agustus 2012", Halaman 4). Kemudian presiden RI, Soekarno meningkatkan invasi politik dan militer sejak tahun 1962 untuk menganeksasi Papua ke dalam NKRI.

Kedua, Perjanjian New York antara Belanda dan Indonesia, pada tanggal 15 Agustus 1962 adalah aneksasi tahap ke dua untuk merealisasikan Maklumat TRIKORA. Perjanjian New York ini menjadi payung hukum untuk mewujudkan maklumat TRIKORA. Dalam Perjanjian New York mengatur tiga hal, yakni: a) penyerahan Papua dari Belanda ke UNTEA; b) penyerahan Papua dari UNTEA ke NKRI; c) Persiapan dan Pelaksanaan Pemilihan Bebas. Setelah perjanjian itu ditanda tangani yang disaksikan oleh PBB dan Amerika Serikat, maka selanjutnya Belanda menyerahkan kekuasaan adminitrasi pemerintahan Papua ke tangan UNTEA; dan pada tanggal 01 Mei 1963 UNTEA menyerahkan Papua ke NKRI. RI mengkondisikan orang Papua sedemikian rupa untuk memenangkan Penentuan Pendapat Rakyat dari sejak 01 Mei 1963. Akhirnya Pemilihan Bebas satu orang satu suara itu, diubah menjadi pemilihan tidak bebas dan diterapkan sistem perwakilan, yang hanya 1025 orang mewakili 800.000 jiwa lebih total penduduk asli Papua. Karena itu orang asli Papua menyebut Penentuan Pendapat Rakyat pada tahun 1969 itu "cacat hukum dan moral".

Aneksasi lanjutan ketiga adalah melalui paket politik yang dikemas dalam Undang-undang nomor 12 tahun 1969 tentang Otonomi Luas dan Real bagi propinsi Irian Jaya (kini Papua).

Keempat, Dengan adanya desakan rakyat bangsa Papua untuk berdaulat penuh, maka untuk meredam aspirasi politik Papua merdeka, UU Otonomi Luas dan Real itu diganti dengan UU nomor 21 tahun 2001 tentang Otonomi Khusus bagi Propinsi Papua, dan UU Otsus itu kemudian telah direvisi berkali-kali sesuai kemauan Jakarta.

Dari empat tahapan aneksasi itu, aneksasi tahap pertama menempati urutan tertinggi karena Maklumat Trikora itu setingkat dengan proklamasi / deklarasi /manifesto. Untuk mewujudkan aneksasi pertama di dukung oleh Rusia. Kemudian demi kepentingan politik dan ekonomi, Amerika Serikat memainkan peran luar biasa dan dapat menekan Belanda dan meyakinkan PBB untuk memediasi RI dan Belanda agar menyelesaikan sengketa atas tanah Papua. Akhirnya lahirlah aneksasi tahap kedua, yaitu Perjanjian New York antara Belanda dan RI secara sepihak tanpa melibatkan orang asli Papua, dan follow up-nya adalah Penentuan Pendapat Rakyat yang cacat moral dan cacat hukum, yang dimulai dengan invasi politik dan militer untuk merealisasikan Maklumat TRIKORA. Aneksasi tahap kedua oleh RI di dukung penuh oleh Amerika, PBB dan negara sekutu lainnya.

Aneksasi tahap ketiga dan tahap keempat dikemas dalam paket politik UU Otonomi Khusus (Otsus) untuk mempertahankan aneksasi tahap pertama dan kedua. Aneksasi tahap ketiga dan keempat di dukung penuh oleh Negara-negara tertentu di dunia dan PBB. Ada pun negara-negara tertentu, seperti Amerika dan Uni Eropa, serta Australia menjadi negara-negara pendonor untuk implementasi aneksasi lanjutan tahap ketiga dan keempat yakni Otsus Jilid pertama dan Jilid kedua.

Dari penjelasan di atas, diuraikan secara jelas dan singkat bahwa kemerdekaan kedaulatan bangsa Papua mengalami dari aneksasi ke aneksasi lanjutan oleh NKRI. Dalam upaya RI menganeksasi atau mencaplok tanah air, dan membubarkan keutuhan dan integritas bangsa dan kemerdekaan Negara Papua Barat telah melanggar beberapa ketentuan Hukum Nasional dan Internasional serta tata cara / norma yang berlaku, antara lain:

Pertama, RI telah melanggar butir 6 Declaration on the Granting of Indenpendence to Colonial Countries and People, yang berbunyi: "Setiap upaya gangguan sebagian atau seluruh persatuan nasional dan integritas suatu Negara tidak sesuai dengan tujuan dan Piagam Perserikatan Bangsa-bangsa".

Kedua, Telah melanggar Pembukaan Undang-undang Dasar RI pada alinea pertama yang menyatakan: "Bahwa sesungguhnya Kemerdekaan ialah hak segala bangsa dan oleh sebab itu, maka penjajahan di atas dunia harus dihapuskan, karena tidak sesuai dengan peri kemanusiaan dan peri keadilan".

Ketiga, Perjanjian New York tanggal 15 Agustus 1962 tentang "Act of free choice" dan implementasinya melalui Penentuan Pendapat Rakyat pada tahun 1969 juga telah melanggar hukum bangsa-bangsa tentang Aneksasi dan Declaration on the Granting of Indenpendence to Colonial Countries and People dalam resolusi PBB nomor 1514 (XV), tanggal 14 Desember 1960.

Keempat, ditinjau dari hukum bangsa-bangsa, maka klaim RI atas Papua Barat sebagai bagian integral berdasarkan sejarah Kerajaan-kerajaan Kuno, seperti Kerajaan Majapahit dan Kesultanan Tidore dengan hubungan kekeluargaan bangsa, hubungan kenegaraan dan kebudayaan tidak dapat dibenarkan sama sekali. Bangsa Papua sama sekali tidak merasakan hubungan seperti itu. Maka itu, RI telah melanggar Hukum Bangsa-bangsa.

Kelima, Negara Indonesia, PBB dan Amerika Serikat telah melanggar Deklarasi Umum Hak Asasi Manusia oleh PBB dan kovenan-kovenan Internasional lainnya.

Untuk memulihkan kembali Kemerdekaan Kedaulatan Negara Papua Barat yang telah dianeksasi ke dalam NKRI, maka pada puncak Forum Demokrasi tertinggi bangsa Papua yakni Kongres Bangsa Papua ke tiga, 19 Oktober 2011 di Lapangan Zakeus Padang Bulan - Jayapura yang dihadiri sekitar 12.000 (dua belas ribuh) wakil rakyat Bangsa Papua telah menyatakan "Deklarasi Pemulihan Kemerdekaan Kedaulatan Bangsa Papua di negeri Papua Barat" yang dibacakan oleh Forkorus Yaboisembut, S.Pd dan melahirkan Negara Federal Republik Papua Barat (NFRPB). Saat ini NFRPB sebagai negara baru di muka bumi ini sedang berjuang untuk mendapatkan status pengakuan secara de jure oleh negara-negara merdeka di dunia dan PBB, dan selanjutnya mengatur peralihan kekuasaan adminitrasi pemerintahan dari NKRI ke NFRPB secara bermartabat.

Pada Menjelang 50 Tahun Aneksasi Tanah Air dan Bangsa serta Negara Papua, Front PEPERA PB menyatakan dengan tegas bahwa:

1). Pendudukan NKRI di Tanah Papua adalah illegal secara hukum dan moral.

2). Menolak dan menggugat Aneksasi Tanah Air, dan Bangsa serta Negara Papua Barat ke dalam NKRI.

3). Negara Indonesia segera akui Kemerdekaan Kedaulatan Negara Papua Barat.
4). Stop membubarkan NFRPB dan stop memaksakan rakyat dan bangsa Papua menjadi warga negara dan bangsa Indonesia.

 5). Negara Indonesia, Belanda, Amerika Serikat dan PBB segera bertanggung jawab dengan jalan mengambil langkah-langkah kongkrit untuk penyelesaian status Politik dan Hukum Bangsa Papua secara bermartabat sesuai standar Internasional.

  6). Negara-negara di dunia, khususnya Amerika Serikat dan Belanda mendorong PBB dan atau pihak ketiga yang netral untuk memediasi dialog /perundingan agar melahirkan solusi dua bangsa (Indonesia - Papua) dan dua negara (NKRI - NFRPB) yang setara dan tanpa syarat sesuai standar Internasional. 

7). RI segera hentikan segala bentuk teror maupun sandi-sandi operasi dalam bentuk apa pun untuk membungkam perjuangan bangsa Papua dan stop membantai orang asli Papua, baik secara langsung dan tidak langsung.

 8). Solidaritas masyarakat Internasional mendorong Negara masing-masing untuk mengakui Kemerdekaan Kedaulatan Negara Papua secara de jure.

9). Negara-Negara di kawasan Malanesia (MSG) dan Pasifik Islands Forum (PIF) segera menerima Papua Barat menjadi Anggota Tetap MSG dan PIF dalam tahun ini.

10). Semua Komponen Bangsa Papua di mana saja berada segera konsolidasi bersatu untuk mengembalikan Hak Kemerdekaan Kedaulatan Bangsa dan Negara Papua yang telah dianeksasi ke dalam NKRI melalui cara-cara kotor (cacat moral) dan tidak prosedural (cacat hukum).

Demikian pernyataan sikap ini kami buat dengan sesungguhnya, untuk diperhatikan dan ditindak-lanjuti oleh pihak-pihak terkait, agar dapat menyelamatkan orang asli Papua dari marginalisasi, diskriminalisasi, minoritas, dan pemusnahan etnis Papua secara bergerak perlahan-lahan (slow moving genocide).

Penjara Abepura: Sabtu, 27 April 2013.

"Persatuan Tanpa Batas Perjuangan Sampai Menang".

TTD

Selpius Bobii, (Ketua Umum Front Persatuan Perjuangan Rakyat Papua Barat, juga Tahanan Politik Papua Barat)

Thousands Flee in Fear of Heavy Civilian Casualties as TNI Begin Highlands Reprisal Offensive

Major Reprisals begin with house to house searches, village and church burnings in Tingginambut by Indonesian Security Forces after TPN shoot dead 8 Indonesian special forces soldiers.

from the West Papua Media investigative team*

February 28, 2013

EXCLUSIVE: Special Investigative Report

Local communities around Sinak, Gurage, Mulia and Tingginambut in Puncak Jaya regency have felt the first effects of Indonesian military reprisals, after West Papuan independence guerrillas under General Goliat Tabuni confirmed that they had killed eight Indonesian special forces soldiers and four non-Papuan civilians on February 21 in two separate incidents.
The shootings were carried out after Kopassus officers continued to build military posts on a local sacred burial site, despite being requested not to by both community representatives and emissaries from the West Papua National Liberation Army (Tentara Pembebasan Nasional Papua Barat  – TPN-PB) under Tabuni.  TPN spokespeople have said that the shootings were done “to assert West Papuan sovereignty against Indonesian colonial occupation”, and to assert West Papuan cultural rights to defend their customary practices against ongoing military brutality.
A spokesman for the Goliat Tabuni’s TPN-OPM command, Nikolas Tabuni, told West Papua Media in a statement that the killings were not without cause.

“Prior to the incident TNI had wanted to make a military post in the region of Tingginambut and the TPN OPM had sent a letter to the TNI asking them not to’ go ahead with the military post construction at Tingginambut.   As that is an area of which the land is formally claimed to be owned by the TPN OPM, and as it is also a sacred area under indigenous customary law of the indigenous community of that area. However TNI disregarded the request (in principle) and continued with the construction. As a result TPN OPM carried out the shooting on 21 February,” the statement read.

Nikolas Tabuni also denied statements from the Indonesian President and Police that the shootings were connected with Indonesian election campaigns in Papua.  “This shooting had absolutely nothing to do with the election of the Bupati (Regency leader) for the region of Ilaga in the Regency of Puncak Jaya in the Province of Papua, and had nothing to do with the general election of the Provincial Governor. The shooting was purely concerned with Papuan independence and the activities of the TNI in West Papua.”

Evidence of collective punishment emerges
Despite an effective information blockade imposed by thousands of Indonesian army (TNI) troops and Police, and unchallenged by a compliant Jakarta-based colonial media, detailed reports are beginning to filter through from independent sources in the area of the military offensive, painting a vastly different picture to that reported by Indonesian and international media since the shooting of the Kopassus soldiers.

TNI soldiers manning checkpoint near Sinak, Puncak Jaya (Photo: jpnn.com/ malanesia.com)

At least 1000 members of various Indonesian security forces are currently occupying and laying siege to entire communities around Puncak Jaya, with thousands more troops being sent in from other centres in Papua, according to local church, human rights, and  sources in contact with West Papua Media stringers across the conflict area.

TNI 753 Btn interrogating locals in Sinak (photo: Malanesia.com)

According to these sources, the villages of Tingginambut, Trugi and Nelekom have been occupied by TNI forces since Sunday February 24, with villagers being forced to give all their food and houses to soldiers, and being subject to arbitrary and harsh interrogations.  TPN sources have also stated that troops are using the villages as strategic hamlets to prepare for a hunt and destroy mission to flush out the forces of Tabuni, who have claimed they are well prepared for guerrilla defence.
In Nambut and Gurake (Gurage) villages in Sinak District, security forces began to carry out house to house sweeping operations on February 26, and in villages in  Tingginambut, Puncak Jaya.  According to our sources, the TNI Commander in the area has commanded “that the sweeping operation is to be continued until the culprits from last Thursdays killings are arrested”.  The TNI have stated to local people they “need to see 11 persons sentenced,” according to the reliable source.
Two civilians were said to be arrested on February 27, according to Indonesian military reports, however independent sources could not confirm if any other civilians have been arrested.
As of February 26, at least 18 houses have been burned to the ground, 5 GIDI churches razed, 2 schools and a library have been destroyed by the combined Police/TNI forces in Tingginambut, according to reliable church sources who have safely relayed data from witnesses to West Papua Media stringers.   Witnesses have also reported that soldiers are deliberately burning and destroying food gardens and shooting livestock, including over one hundred pigs.  There are fears of a major humanitarian disaster unfolding with the reports of the destruction of food gardens and livestock, an act of collective punishment on a civilian population.
Thousands of people from the surrounding villages have fled to the high mountains and according to church sources, the entire community populations have fled throughout the area of Gurake, Sinak, Tinggi Neri, Trugi and Nelekom.  Exact numbers are not currently known but local sources indicate that several thousand people, mainly subsistence farmers, live in the area.
Human rights workers have also reported from Mulia in Puncak Jaya that townspeople are greeting news of the offensive with panic and preparing to flee.
Reports are difficult to verify as the only media personnel allowed into the operations area are those with approval from the Indonesian army, and very few of these journalist have actually ventured into the area.  Stringers for West Papua Media in Puncak Jaya and the Baliem Valley have reported that independent journalists and human rights workers have been prevented from travelling into the area by a de facto Military Operations Area being applied across the entire highlands, including the regional centre of Wamena.
Civilians are staying off the streets as reliable local sources report a massive combat army and police show of force, including house to house searches.  On the morning of February 28, witnesses have reported to West Papua Media stringers that 8 Brimob trucks have left

Troops patrolling Wamena – February 25 (photo: supplied)

Wamena heading to Puncak Jaya this morning, with large numbers of troops patrolling the streets across Wamena also..
Thousands more troops flooding in to attempt to destroy Tabuni’s TPN.
Thousands of heavily armed combat soldiers from Battalions 751 (Jayapura), 753 (Nabire) , and supported by the Wamena 756 Batallion, are reportedly being flown into Tingginambut over the next few days from several centres across Papua.  They are joining together with over 1000 extra Brimob paramilitary police (in addition to the at least 1000 Polda Papua police already in the highlands), and allegedly several units of the notorious Australian-funded Detachment 88 anti-terror commando, to hunt for Tabuni’s forces.  Several media reports in Indonesia are also claiming a Kostrad (Strategic Reserve) battalion is being deployed from outside Papua, though this has not been independently confirmed.
Local sources have reported that each TNI platoon is accompanied by a platoon of police, as the operation is officially under control of the Police as a “law enforcement” operation.  However, the witnesses have reported that the TNI are clearly in command.   TNI spokespeople in Jakarta have told Indonesian media outlets that there is no plan to increase non-organic troop presence in the area, but local sources are reporting a vastly different story.
West Papua Media sources in Wamena observing the airport have confirmed that two TNI Puma Helicopters are involved in the operation constantly ferrying troops between Wamena and Tingginambut, and stopping only for refuelling and crew changes.  Three Hercules c130H aircraft have each made 3 drops to Wamena then the troops have entered by road from Wamena.   Observers in Nabire have also noted daily departures of three trucks of troops from the notorious Battalion 753 Nabire, to the west of the highlands to reinforce the offensive in Tingginambut.
Human rights and church sources in Puncak Jaya and internationally have expressed deep concern about the potential for heavy civilian casualties to occur with the intensified military campaign, given extra impetus after the Indonesian President, General Susilo Bambang Yudoyhono, called for firm action on Tabuni.
Multiple narratives from Jakarta
The exact circumstances of the deaths of the eight Kopassus special forces soldiers are now mired in claim and counter-claim, with soldiers’ personal accounts of the attack conflicting with the official narrative picked up by Jakarta media.  What is confirmed is that the eight commandos – Sertu (Chief Sergeant) Udine, Sertu Frans, Sertu Romadhon, Pratu (Private 1st class) Mustofa, Sertu Edy, Praka (Chief Private) Jojon, Praka Wempi and Sertu Mudin – were killed by a cascading attack led by guerrillas of Goliat Tabuni’s TPN group as they went to the Sinak airstrip to collect cellular monitoring equipment designed to track international phone communications in the area.
However, one survivor of the attack testified in the Jakarta Post that his group was attacked by men, women and children all carrying spears, machetes and knives.  According to the TNI survivors as relayed to JP, the platoon of Kopassus was unarmed at the time of the attack, which happened as the soldiers were installing and moving communications monitoring equipment.

Troops in Tingginambut after being shot at in helicopter by TPN, Feb 21 (Photo: TNI)

TPN forces also opened fire on a Puma helicopter that was evacuating the wounded commandos, lightly injuring three helicopter crew.
West Papua Media sources have provided a highly credible and technical but unconfirmed report that two “very large weapons” that were being moved into Sinak, and went missing during the raid by TPN.  According to our sources, there is “extreme concern from the TNI around this particular issue.”
“Apparently they have been trying to find out the whereabouts of these weapons, which suggests they might be too heavy to quickly and easily move,” explained the source.  Further investigation is still required, but credible observers in the area believe that these heavy weapons may be artillery pieces – the presence of which in Puncak Jaya represents a serious and dangerous escalation of TNI hardware to be used against civilians.  West Papua Media believes any confirmed presence of artillery is connected with the TNI’s stated aim to destroy Goliat Tabuni’s group, but any use of these weapons will place a large number of civilians at risk.  It is not the first time the TNI have used artillery against West Papuan civilians: the Bloody Wamena massacres of 2000 and 2003, as well as the aerial bombardment campaigns in the 1977 and 1984.

Indonesian outrage fuels civil society questions on Papuan motivations for resistance
The killings of the soldiers have generated outrage in Jakarta, with nationalist politicians calling for cordon and destroy missions in what human rights observers have said amount to collective civilian punishment by an occupying force.

Sjafrie Sjamsoeddin – indicted as a war criminal

Indonesian Deputy Defence Minister Lieutenant-General (LG) (Rtd) Sjafrie Sjamsoeddin - indicted as a war criminal by the UN for his role in East Timor - on Friday ordered the TNI to conduct heavy “tactical actions” in order to prevent the shooting from occurring again.  “The tactical action includes to chase, apprehend and destroy,” the deputy minister said here on Friday.  He said the latest shootings by the separatist rebels did not affect TNI`s strategic policies in Papua. TNI so far did not have a plan to send more troops to Papua, he added.
However SBY also claimed in an interview with MetroTV that “no violence” would be used to solve the situation.  The situation on the ground has illustrated that security forces have no interest in making SBY’s words truthful.
Despite  the nationalist rhetoric, there are many in Indonesia who are seeing this as a wake up call to end Jakarta’s use of state violence against civilians in Papua as it default policy.

The Indonesian Regional Representatives Council, or DPD, called for a necessary cessation of military operations to end the prolonged violence in Indonesia’s easternmost provinces, according to a report in the Jakarta Post on Wednesday.

The presence of the non-organic personnel from TNI special forces cause animosity among Papuan groups, who have launched attacks against them, according to the report.  “If Jakarta wants to end violence, the militaristic approach has to stop, and all non-garrison troops from the military elite forces must be withdrawn from the two provinces because their presence and their irregular operations have triggered attacks on garrison troops and innocent civilians,” DPD deputy chairman Laode Ida said on Tuesday.
A coalition of Papuan human rights groups urged the National Commission on Human Rights (Komnas HAM) to conduct a thorough investigation into the soldiers’ killings, saying the presence of Komnas HAM could prevent human rights violations that occurred during TNI sweep operations after shooting incidents, according to a report in the Jakarta Globe.
“We encourage law enforcers to be professional in carrying out their tasks. They must ensure that their attempts to find the perpetrators do not turn into seeking revenge against all Papuans,” Ferry Marisan from the Institute for Policy Research and Advocacy (Elsam) said in Jayapura on Monday.
The TNI has loudly complained in Indonesian media of hurt feelings about the loss of its soldiers, with the National Human Rights Commission (Komnas HAM) leaders have been forced to apologise for “insensitive” remarks saying killing soldiers is not a human rights abuse.   But not all observers are showing sympathy for the loss of the soldiers lives, pointing to the fact that the military are occupying Papuan land against the wishes of the local people.
“One has to remember that soldiers who were shot were Kopassus special forces who have been involved in ongoing human rights abuses right across Puncak Jaya, including village burnings, collective arrests and punishment, burning of villages, and acts of torture.  Many observers suspect these soldiers were part of units involved in conducting many OTK (Unknown persons) shootings blamed on West Papuans,” a long time human rights worker in the highlands told West Papua Media by email.  “These are not innocence, nor babes in the woods; Kopassus are the original wolves in the forest.”
Still, other observers believe the actions point to an assertion of tribal identity, as a complex motivator behind the declaration of Papuan sovereignty inherent in the armed resistance against Indonesia’s militarist policy in the highlands.  An Australian church worker who worked for many years with highland communities in Puncak Jaya made the observation to West Papua Media that this was not simply an act of resistance to Indonesian colonisation, but an assertion of traditional and indigenous Papuan law and cultural survival against the onslaught of an occupying colonial army.
“This must be looked at from another perspective that is relevant.  As many indigenous communities including Australian Aboriginal Peoples and traditional highland Papuan people, observe around the world, if outsiders came into their sacred lands, they would also feel compelled at whatever cost to themselves to spear the outsider to compensate (violations of) their traditional law if they belonged to the clan that was legally responsible (under customary law) to guard that site,”  she explained.
“Indigenous Law is simply not negotiable on things like that. Things have only changed in Australia because non-Indigenous systems have for years now in Australia been locking up those indigenous peoples who have acted to maintain their law,” the former church worker explained.
“As I understand the TNI despite warnings were acting in a way that broke the Papuans’ traditional laws regarding adat (Customary law), and as the TPN are still holding strong to their traditional laws, so they acted in accordance with the laws they are living by. I can’t see any difference at that level as Melanesian peoples separated historically but only a short distance of water. The difference is that the TPN OPM represent groups that have not yet been overcome by the laws of a colonising power whereas RI does not recognise the traditional Papuan customary laws,” she said
A prominent Papuan human rights activist, Yasons Sambon, has reported that the killings are causing many military families to reconsider  their support for the Indonesian colonial occupation of Papua.  In an interview with the wife of one of the eight soldiers killed at Sinak, recorded on February 23 after the soldiers funeral in a car by the old market in Sentani, the widow called for Indonesia to abandon its occupation of Papua.

Funeral of Sentani based Kopassus officer killed in SInak incident, Feb 24. (supplied)

The wife of an Indonesian soldier from Sentani said in a regretful tone, “SBY would be better off giving independence to the people of Papua if it meant our husbands wouldn’t become victims. Our husbands have been murdered. What will be my fate, and the fate of my children, now that my husband has been murdered? We want to hold onto our husbands but they also have a duty to the country. They are murdered and it’s the women and children who become victims, because if they aren’t at work, then what will we eat?”
“It’s better if independence is given to the people of Papua so that we can be safe,” she said.
*from the West Papua Media Editorial team, with additional reporting from stringers in Wamena, Tingginambut, Jayapura, Nabire and sources in Jakarta.

WEST PAPUA'Z FIGHT FOR FREEDOM GETS CITY BASE

West Papua's fight for freedom gets city base

Monday, 29 April 2013 in News

Benny Wenda

AN INDEPENDENCE fighter who hit the headlines after being banned from the New Zealand Parliament has set up his campaign base in Oxford.
Benny Wenda, 37, who lives in Marston Road and has been in Oxford for more than 10 years, on Sunday officially launched his new campaign office for the Free West Papua campaign at the Old Music Hall, Cowley Road.
The father of six has just returned from a world tour to press for West Papua’s independence from Indonesia, which is where he found himself banned from speaking in New Zealand’s Parliament buildings by its speaker, David Carter.
Mr Wenda, 37, said he hoped it would be the first of many campaign offices around the world. He said: “People in Oxford have always supported me and I feel it is time for me to open the office officially.”
Mr Wenda embarked on his international tour after being removed from an Interpol wanted list. He returned three weeks ago, fired up for the next stage of his campaign.
He said: “I am really optimistic because some things you believe in and, because of people power, it will change.”

After the office was officially opened, supporters gathered at East Oxford Community Centre in Princes Street for traditional music and dance.